Geotechnical engineers harness a critical role in identifying subsurface voids, which incur significant challenges to the stability and performance of structures. These hidden cavities can stem from various factors, such as geological formations, dissolution, or human activities. Employing a suite

Subsurface voids pose significant concerns to geotechnical integrity. Accurately mapping these voids is crucial for ensuring the security of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole analysis, can be time-consuming and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysic

Cavity characterization plays a vital role in geotechnical design processes. A thorough understanding of cavity geometry and characteristics is essential for accurately assessing the potential impact on structures . Geotechnical engineers utilize various techniques to characterize cavities, includi

Geophysical exploration utilizes a crucial role in the identification and assessment of potential mineral resources. By employing various physical methods, geologists can probe beneath the Earth's surface to localize subsurface structures and anomalies indicative of mineral richness. These geophysi